A root canal is a common dental procedure used to treat infection or damage inside a tooth. It becomes necessary when the pulp — the soft tissue containing nerves and blood vessels — becomes inflamed or infected due to deep decay, cracks, or trauma. During the procedure, the dentist carefully removes the infected pulp, cleans and disinfects the root canals, and then fills and seals the space to prevent further infection. In most cases, the treated tooth is restored with a crown to strengthen and protect it.

Root canals have a reputation for being painful, but modern techniques and anesthesia make the process comfortable and relatively quick. The treatment not only relieves pain but also saves the natural tooth, avoiding the need for extraction. With proper care, a tooth that has undergone a root canal can last a lifetime, allowing patients to maintain their natural smile and normal chewing function.